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Detection and Removal of Tooth-Colored Composite Resin Using the Fluorescence-Aided Identification Technique
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Endodontic release system for apexification with calcium hydroxide microspheres.

T A Strom1, A Arora, B Osborn

  • 1Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|August 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

New calcium hydroxide microspheres offer sustained ion release for apexification, reducing the need for frequent retreatment and improving patient compliance. This core/shell system ensures long-term efficacy in root canal therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology in Dentistry

Background:

  • Calcium hydroxide (CH) is a common intracanal medicament for apexification.
  • Frequent CH replacement is necessary due to its short residence time, leading to patient non-compliance.
  • A sustained-release system could improve apexification treatment efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a core/shell-structured calcium hydroxide microsphere (CHMS) system for sustained ion release.
  • To investigate the long-term release kinetics and retention of CHMS in root canals.
  • To compare the performance of CHMS with commercial CH products and CH powder.

Main Methods:

  • CHMS were prepared using an emulsion method with an alginate shell.
  • In vitro release studies were conducted using extracted human teeth.
  • Quantification of remaining CH and pH monitoring were performed over six months.

Main Results:

  • CHMS demonstrated a sustained, slow release of Ca(2+) at 2-3% per month over six months.
  • After six months, 72.1% of CH remained in teeth using CHMS, compared to 46.9% (UltraCal®XS) and 36.8% (CH powder).
  • All formulations exhibited a buffering effect within the teeth, with pH not exceeding 9.

Conclusions:

  • Core/shell CHMS provide a promising delivery vehicle for sustained Ca(2+) and OH- release in root canals.
  • This system can potentially eliminate the need for multiple appointments in apexification.
  • CHMS show superior long-term retention compared to conventional CH delivery methods.