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Updated: May 19, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

An Orthotopic Bladder Cancer Model for Gene Delivery Studies

Published on: December 1, 2013

Targeted agents in second-line bladder cancer therapy.

Holger Gerullis¹, Thomas Otto, Thorsten H Ecke

¹Department of Urology, Lukas Hospital, Neuss, Germany. holger.gerullis@gmx.net

Anti-Cancer Drugs

|August 24, 2012

Summary

Targeted therapies show limited success in second-line urothelial cancer treatment after platinum failure. This review examines clinical trials of targeted agents for advanced urothelial carcinoma, offering insights for palliative care options.

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Published on: October 30, 2013

Area of Science:

Oncology
Urothelial Carcinoma Research
Clinical Trials

Background:

Metastatic urothelial cancer treatment landscape is evolving.
Limited options exist in the second-line setting post-platinum therapy.
Targeted therapies have shown less efficacy in urothelial cancer compared to other malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review clinical studies of targeted agents in second-line treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
To highlight the oncologic outcomes of targeted therapies in this setting.
To provide an overview of potential alternative treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of clinical trials.
Focus on targeted agents investigated in the second-line setting.
Analysis of phase II trials for advanced transitional carcinoma of the urothelium.

Main Results:

Many targeted drugs investigated as single agents showed unconvincing oncologic outcomes.
Vinflunine is a recently approved standard in Europe for second-line treatment.
Further well-designed clinical trials may offer alternatives for patients.

Conclusions:

Targeted therapy has not yet met expectations in urothelial cancer.
The efficacy of single-agent targeted therapies requires further investigation.
Clinical trials remain crucial for identifying effective second-line treatments for metastatic urothelial cancer.