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Role of 18F-fluoride PET/CT in the assessment of multiple myeloma: initial experience

Yuji Nishiyama1, Ukihide Tateishi, Kazuya Shizukuishi

  • 1Department of Radiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Japan.

Annals of Nuclear Medicine
|August 24, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fluorine-18 fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-fluoride PET/CT) shows promise for detecting multiple myeloma (MM) lesions. This imaging technique identified significantly more affected areas compared to bone scintigraphy in early patient experiences.

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow.
  • Accurate detection and staging of MM lesions are crucial for effective treatment planning and monitoring.
  • Conventional imaging modalities have limitations in sensitivity for detecting early or subtle MM bone involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the initial experience with (18)F-fluoride PET/CT in the detection of lesions in patients with MM.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of (18)F-fluoride PET/CT in assessing the extent of disease in multiple myeloma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of (18)F-fluoride PET/CT and (99m)Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy (BS) studies in 7 patients diagnosed with MM.
  • Consensus-based visual and quantitative analysis of imaging findings by two reviewers.
  • Comparison of diagnostic certainty against a reference standard comprising whole-body MRI and whole-body X-ray.

Main Results:

  • A total of 93 affected areas were confirmed by the reference standard.
  • (18)F-fluoride PET/CT identified 89% (83/93) of affected areas, while BS detected only 58% (54/93).
  • Mean SUVmax in affected areas was 9.8 ± 3.2; (18)F-fluoride PET/CT also detected 17 lesions with bone fractures, whereas BS detected only 2.

Conclusions:

  • Our findings suggest that (18)F-fluoride PET/CT is a valuable tool for detecting bone lesions in patients with multiple myeloma.
  • The superior sensitivity of (18)F-fluoride PET/CT compared to BS highlights its potential role in the comprehensive assessment of MM.
  • (18)F-fluoride PET/CT may improve the diagnostic accuracy and staging of multiple myeloma.

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