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[Capnocytophaga septicemia during bone marrow transplantation. Apropos of 2 cases]
P Vanlemmens1, D Amsallem, E Plouvier
1Unité de Greffe de Moelle Osseuse et d'Onco-Hématologie Pédiatrique, CHU Saint Jacques, Besançon.
Abstract:
Two cases of septicemia due to Capnocytophaga in pediatric bone marrow recipients are reported. These gram negative rods, which are part of the normal buccal flora, cause periodontitis and localized or systemic infections, usually in immunocompromised hosts. Severe, prolonged neutropenia and mucitis due to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are risk factors for this opportunistic infection. Recovery can be achieved with most of the drug combinations including a beta-lactam used in hematology.
Insights
Capnocytophaga septicemia can occur in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients. Prompt antibiotic treatment, including beta-lactams, is crucial for recovery in these immunocompromised individuals.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Capnocytophaga are gram-negative rods, part of normal oral flora.
- These bacteria typically cause infections in immunocompromised hosts.
Observation:
- Two cases of Capnocytophaga septicemia in pediatric bone marrow recipients were reported.
- Risk factors included severe, prolonged neutropenia and mucositis from chemotherapy/radiotherapy.
Findings:
- Capnocytophaga infections are opportunistic, particularly in patients with compromised immune systems.
- Most drug combinations, including beta-lactams common in hematology, were effective for treatment.
Implications:
- Highlights the risk of Capnocytophaga infections in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients.
- Emphasizes the importance of considering oral flora in opportunistic infections post-transplant.
- Suggests that standard hematology antibiotic regimens can be effective against Capnocytophaga septicemia.