ACS and STEMI treatment: gender-related issues
Alaide Chieffo1, Gill Louise Buchanan, Fina Mauri
1San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Summary
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a major cause of death in women, often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Improving awareness and timely diagnosis are crucial for better cardiovascular outcomes in women.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Women's Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in women.
- Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) represent a significant portion of CVD in women.
- Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of ACS in women contribute to increased mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the gender disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of ACS in women.
- To emphasize the need for increased awareness among patients and healthcare providers.
- To advocate for prompt diagnosis and treatment of ACS in women, aligning with European Society of Cardiology guidelines.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and clinical reports on ACS in women.
- Analysis of factors contributing to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
- Incorporation of recommendations from the European Society of Cardiology.
Main Results:
- Women with ACS often present with atypical symptoms and face delays in seeking medical attention.
- Physicians may underestimate cardiovascular risk in women, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
- Delayed diagnosis results in postponed revascularization procedures like cardiac catheterization and primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Conclusions:
- Gender disparities in ACS care persist, despite recommendations for equal treatment.
- Lack of awareness at both patient and physician levels is a significant barrier.
- Initiatives like "Women in Innovation" aim to improve perception and ensure timely ACS management for women.
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