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Updated: May 19, 2026

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear
Published on: July 3, 2025
[Nontuberculous mycobacterial epitrochlear adenitis]
J-C Beghin1, H Charlier, E Bodart
1Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique. medjis@hotmail.com
Abstract:
We report the case of a 2-year-old girl referred for unilateral epitrochlear lymphadenitis caused by Mycobacterium avium. Adenitis is the most frequent presentation of non tuberculous mycobacteria in children. Typical locations are the cervical, submandibular, axillar, inguinal, mediastinal, and parotid regions. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of an epitrochlear location. The diagnosis was made by evidencing the causal bacterium but also by the exclusion of other causes such as Bartonella henselae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Treatment is based on surgical excision, which provides a cure rate of 90%. Macrolides are reserved for extended lesions and/or relapsing lesions despite surgical management.
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