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Steroids in relation to epilepsy and anaesthesia
1Department of Gynecology, University of Umeå, Sweden.
Ciba Foundation Symposium
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Progesterone and its metabolites demonstrate anti-epileptic effects and anesthetic properties in humans and animals. These ovarian steroids influence brain excitability, potentially playing a role in epilepsy and premenstrual syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Neuroendocrinology
- Neuropharmacology
- Epileptology
Background:
- Ovarian steroids, particularly progesterone and its metabolites, exert direct effects on the central nervous system.
- Evidence suggests a link between hormonal fluctuations and neurological conditions like epilepsy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-epileptic and anesthetic effects of progesterone and its metabolites.
- To explore the role of these steroids in modulating brain excitability and their relation to hormonal cycles.
Main Methods:
- Studies in cats and mice using induced epileptic foci and seizures.
- Assessment of anesthetic potency in rats and humans.
- Correlation of seizure frequency with menstrual cycle phases in women with epilepsy.
Main Results:
- Progesterone metabolites, 5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one and 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one, reduced epileptic activity in cats and protected mice against specific seizure types.
- These steroids induced anesthesia in humans and animals, with 5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one showing significantly higher potency than a potent barbiturate.
- Women with epilepsy exhibited fewer generalized seizures during the luteal phase when progesterone levels are high.
Conclusions:
- Progesterone and its metabolites possess significant anti-epileptic and anesthetic properties.
- These neuroactive steroids may influence seizure susceptibility and contribute to conditions like premenstrual syndrome.
- Further research into centrally active steroids is warranted for potential therapeutic applications in neurological disorders.