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Symptoms in children with convergence insufficiency: before and after treatment

Carmen Barnhardt1, Susan A Cotter, G Lynn Mitchell

  • 1Southern California College of Optometry, Fullerton, California 92831, USA. cbarnhardt@scco.edu

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|August 28, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Symptom patterns in children with convergence insufficiency (CI) were analyzed. Performance-related symptoms were more common than eye-related symptoms, with both improving after treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Optometry
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Symptomatic convergence insufficiency (CI) affects children's visual function.
  • Understanding symptom patterns and their relationship with patient characteristics is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate symptom patterns in children with symptomatic CI.
  • To evaluate the relationship between patient characteristics and symptom severity before and after treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized clinical trial involving 221 children (9 to <18 years) with symptomatic CI.
  • The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey was administered pre- and posttreatment.
  • Analysis of symptom frequency, change in symptom types, and correlation with patient characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Performance-related symptoms were more prevalent than eye-related symptoms at baseline.
  • Symptom severity increased with age and was higher in children with parent-reported Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • Treatment responders showed significant improvement in both performance- and eye-related symptoms; girls reported fewer performance-related symptoms, and Black children reported fewer eye-related symptoms than white children.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should inquire about both performance- and eye-related symptoms to identify children with symptomatic CI.
  • Further research is needed on the interplay between CI, ADHD, reading performance, and attention.
Abstract

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