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Numerical simulation of two-phase flow around flatwater competition kayak design-evolution models
Vishveshwar R Mantha1, António J Silva, Daniel A Marinho
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Trás- os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
Journal of Applied Biomechanics
|August 28, 2012
Summary
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis revealed significant hydrodynamic improvements in kayak design evolution. Progressive design changes reduced drag by up to 29.4%, aiding athlete performance and selection.
Area of Science:
- Fluid Dynamics
- Sports Engineering
- Naval Architecture
Background:
- Flatwater kayaking relies on advanced hull designs for competitive speed.
- Understanding kayak hydrodynamics is crucial for optimizing performance.
- Previous design iterations of frontline kayaks require detailed analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the hydrodynamic performance of three kayak design evolution models (Nelo K1 Vanquish LI, LII, LIII).
- To quantify the effect of design transformations on kayak drag using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
- To provide data for estimating paddling effort and informing kayak selection.
Main Methods:
- Full-scale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were employed.
- Steady-state simulations utilized the k-omega turbulent model and volume-of-fluid method.
- Analysis focused on viscous, pressure, and wave drag coefficients at various race velocities.
Main Results:
- Significant drag reduction was observed with design evolution: 29.4% (LI to LII) and 15.4% (LII to LIII) at 4.5 m/s.
- CFD simulations provided detailed numerical results for drag components.
- Hydrodynamic performance demonstrated a progressive improvement across the kayak models.
Conclusions:
- The study confirms a progressive and beneficial evolution in kayak design.
- CFD analysis provides valuable insights into kayak hydrodynamics and drag reduction.
- Findings can assist coaches in selecting optimal kayaks and training athletes.
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