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Related Concept Videos

Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence01:23

Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence

Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
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Detection of Black Holes01:10

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Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon01:21

Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon

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Updated: May 19, 2026

In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria
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In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: June 28, 2018

Luminous supernovae.

Avishay Gal-Yam1

  • 1Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. avishay.gal-yam@weizmann.ac.il

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are extremely bright stellar explosions. Recent research focuses on understanding the origins of their immense luminosity, classifying them into types like hydrogen-poor SLSN-I.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Cosmic Explosions

Background:

  • Supernovae, or stellar explosions, have been observed for centuries.
  • Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are a recently documented subclass with luminosities exceeding 7 × 10(43) ergs per second.
  • SLSNe are categorized into radioactively powered (SLSN-R), hydrogen-rich (SLSN-II), and hydrogen-poor (SLSN-I) types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physical origins of the extreme luminosity in SLSNe.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current research on SLSNe.

Main Methods:

  • Review of accumulated observational evidence and theoretical models.
  • Classification of SLSNe based on spectral properties (hydrogen presence) and luminosity.

Main Results:

  • SLSN-I (hydrogen-poor) represents the most luminous class.
  • SLSN-II and SLSN-I are more frequently observed than SLSN-R.
  • The physical mechanisms driving SLSNe luminosity remain an active area of research.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the diverse origins of SLSNe is crucial for astrophysics.
  • Further research is needed to fully explain the extreme energy output of these cosmic events.