Associated factors with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a case-control study
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Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
Published on: April 1, 2018
Ayyoub Malek1, Shahrokh Amiri, Majid Sadegfard
1Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychiatry Research Center(CPRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Background:
The current study attempted to investigate factors associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children without co-morbidities.
Methods:
In this case-control study, 164 ADHD children who attended the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran were compared with 166 normal children selected in a random-cluster method from primary and secondary schools. Clinical interviews based on DSM-IV-TR using K-SADS were used to diagnose ADHD cases and to select the control group. Participants were matched for age. We used chi-square and binary logistic regression for data analysis.
Results:
Among the associated factors with ADHD were gender and maternal employment. Boys (OR 0.54; 95% confidence interval: 0.34 - 0.86) and those children with working mothers (OR 0.16: 95% confidence interval: 0.06 - 0.86) suffered more from ADHD. The birth season, family size, birth order, and parental kinship were not among risk factors for ADHD.
Conclusion:
The results of the study show that maternal employment and male gender are among the associated risk factors for ADHD.
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