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Increased BOLD sensitivity in the orbitofrontal cortex using slice-dependent echo times at 3 T.

Sebastian Domsch1, Julia Linke, Patrick M Heiler

  • 1Department of Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. sebastian.domsch@medma.uni-heidelberg.de

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|August 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using slice-dependent echo times significantly improves detection of brain activity in the orbitofrontal cortex by reducing signal loss. This advanced technique enhances BOLD sensitivity for crucial cognitive neuroscience research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) relies on the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal to map brain activity.
  • Investigating cognitive functions like reversal learning often involves the orbitofrontal cortex, which is prone to signal loss in standard fMRI.
  • Gradient echo-planar imaging (EPI) with a single echo time (TE) struggles with susceptibility artifacts in orbitofrontal cortex due to varying optimal TEs across slices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if an EPI sequence with slice-dependent echo times can improve BOLD signal detection in the orbitofrontal cortex.
  • To mitigate susceptibility-induced signal losses and image distortions in event-related fMRI studies focusing on the orbitofrontal cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Optimized echo times using BOLD sensitivity simulations.
  • Acquired fMRI data from 12 healthy volunteers using both a standard EPI sequence (TE=27 ms) and a modified EPI sequence with slice-dependent TEs (22-47 ms).
  • Analyzed the number of activated voxels and maximal t-values in the orbitofrontal cortex.

Main Results:

  • The modified EPI sequence with slice-dependent echo times significantly increased the number of activated voxels in the orbitofrontal cortex (from 87 ± 44 to 549 ± 83).
  • A notable increase in the maximal t-value was observed (from 4.4 ± 0.3 to 5.4 ± 0.3) with the modified sequence.
  • The slice-dependent TE approach effectively reduced susceptibility artifacts in the targeted brain region.

Conclusions:

  • EPI sequences employing slice-dependent echo times are effective in overcoming susceptibility artifacts in the orbitofrontal cortex.
  • This technique enhances BOLD sensitivity, leading to improved signal detection in event-related whole-brain fMRI.
  • Slice-dependent echo times represent a valuable advancement for neuroimaging research focused on the orbitofrontal cortex and related cognitive functions.