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Behavioural therapy of suicidality.

Barbara Schneider1

  • 1LVR-Klinik, Abteilung Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, Wilhelm-Griesinger-Str 23, 51109 Cologne, Germany. B.Schneider@lvr.de

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
|August 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Suicidal behavior, a public health concern, involves deficits in problem-solving and negative cognitive styles. Therapy focuses on modifying behaviors and cognitive strategies to mitigate suicide risk.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Suicidal behavior is a significant public health issue encompassing suicide, attempts, intent, and ideation.
  • Identified mechanisms include behavioral deficits, particularly poor problem-solving skills, and specific cognitive styles characterized by overgeneralization and negative expectations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline therapeutic strategies for suicidal patients.
  • To detail specific behavioral and cognitive interventions for modifying maladaptive patterns.

Main Methods:

  • General therapy strategies: diagnostic process, collaborative relationship, strengthening protective factors.
  • Specific behavioral strategies: direct behavior modification, stress reduction techniques, problem-solving skills training.

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  • Applied cognitive techniques: thought-stopping, examining alternatives, consequence fantasizing, externalizing inner voices, reattribution.

    • Main Results:

    • Therapy requires active therapist involvement in patient motivation and guidance.
    • Regular assessment of suicide risk in every session is crucial.
    • Despite interventions, complete prevention of all suicidal acts remains impossible.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective psychotherapy for suicidal patients necessitates a combination of general and specific behavioral and cognitive strategies.
    • Active therapist engagement and consistent risk assessment are paramount.
    • Acknowledging the limitations in preventing all suicidal acts is essential for realistic therapeutic goals.