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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
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The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the subthalamic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Hippocampal Insulin Microinjection and In vivo Microdialysis During Spatial Memory Testing
10:32

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Published on: January 11, 2013

Hippocampal neurons inhibit meal onset.

Yoko O Henderson1, Gerard P Smith, Marise B Parent

  • 1Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Hippocampus
|August 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The hippocampus forms a meal memory that suppresses appetite. Inactivating the hippocampus accelerates the next meal, suggesting its role in regulating eating behavior and obesity.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Extensive research exists on satiety and meal termination mechanisms.
  • Understanding of meal onset regulation is limited.
  • The hippocampus's role in meal initiation is largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that hippocampal neurons form a meal memory and inhibit subsequent meal onset.
  • To determine if reversible hippocampal inactivation affects meal initiation timing.

Main Methods:

  • Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to consume a sucrose solution daily.
  • Cannulas were implanted in the dorsal hippocampus.
  • Muscimol was infused post-meal to temporarily inactivate hippocampal neurons.

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  • Meal onset latency and meal size were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Muscimol infusions significantly reduced the latency to initiate the next meal.
    • The size of the post-infusion meal was increased following muscimol treatment.
    • The relationship between meal size and inter-meal interval was disrupted.
    • Effects on meal onset were not due to changes in consumption speed.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support the hypothesis that hippocampal neurons suppress meal initiation during the postprandial period.
    • Impaired hippocampal function may be both a cause and consequence of overeating and obesity.
    • This suggests a novel neural mechanism regulating appetite and its potential link to metabolic disorders.