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Updated: May 19, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex
Published on: July 4, 2018
[Useful guideline for treatment of pain in vulnerable elderly people]
Maarten van Kleef1, José W Geurts
1Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), afd. Anesthesiologie en pijnbestrijding, Maastricht, the Netherlands. maarten.van.kleef@mumc.nl
Abstract:
Forty to fifty percent of elderly people (> 70 years of age) appear to have pain that interferes with daily life. The frail elderly, described as elderly people who are vulnerable, mostly chronically ill, with physical, and psychological, as well as social, and communicative disabilities, are often inadequately treated for pain. This interdisciplinary guideline aims to improve recognition and treatment of chronic pain in frail elderly patients and is therefore very useful in clinical practice. Interventional, minimally invasive pain treatment is not described in this guideline, although for a number of pain syndromes this could be an evidence-based potential treatment.
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