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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
07:43

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction

Published on: September 29, 2018

Novel flaps for head and neck reconstruction.

Quazi Ghazwan Ahmad1, Vinay Kant Shankhdhar

  • 1Plastic, Reconstructive and Microvascular Services, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
|August 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Perforator flaps offer improved function and aesthetics for head and neck reconstruction. These advanced techniques minimize donor site morbidity, providing plastic surgeons with versatile options for complex cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Head and neck reconstruction presents significant functional and aesthetic challenges.
  • Perforator flaps, supplied by vessels perforating deep fascia, have advanced reconstructive possibilities.
  • Improved understanding of vascular anatomy enables better flap selection for function and cosmesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review perforator flaps used in head and neck reconstruction.
  • To discuss indications, reach, and drawbacks of various perforator flap techniques.
  • To highlight the advantages of perforator flaps in terms of tissue matching and donor site morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on perforator flaps in head and neck reconstruction.
  • Discussion of established and novel perforator flap techniques.
Keywords:
Head and neck reconstructionNovel flapsPerforator flaps

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
07:43

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction

Published on: September 29, 2018

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  • Analysis of anatomical basis and clinical applications of described flaps.

    • Main Results:

    • Perforator flaps allow for precise tissue matching and single-stage insetting.
    • Key flaps discussed include facial artery perforator, platysma, submental, and supra-clavicular artery flaps.
    • Commonly used free flaps (radial artery forearm, anterolateral thigh) and novel options (thoracodorsal artery perforator, medial sural artery perforator, toe-web flap) are detailed.

    Conclusions:

    • Perforator flaps represent a significant advancement in head and neck reconstruction.
    • These flaps offer enhanced functional and aesthetic outcomes with reduced donor site morbidity.
    • The review provides a comprehensive overview for surgeons selecting appropriate perforator flaps for reconstruction.