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Acute renal failure in Congolese children: a tertiary institution experience

Michel N Aloni1, Célestin N Nsibu, Mobuli Meeko-Mimaniye

  • 1Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Kinshasa, School of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. michelaloni2003@yahoo.fr

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 31, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Acute renal failure in children in the Democratic Republic of Congo presents with diverse symptoms, often caused by blackwater fever. Limited access to dialysis significantly increases mortality risk in these pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Public Health in Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Renal Medicine

Background:

  • Limited published data exists on pediatric acute renal failure (ARF) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
  • Understanding ARF's clinical profile is crucial for improving outcomes in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical manifestations, etiological factors, and outcomes of hospitalized children diagnosed with ARF.
  • To highlight the challenges and risk factors associated with pediatric ARF in the DRC.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted at the Pediatric Nephrology Unit of the University Hospital of Kinshasa.
  • Data from 56 eligible pediatric patients with ARF were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The median age of affected children was 6.7 years, with fever, oligo-anuria, and jaundice as common presentations.
  • Blackwater fever was the primary cause of ARF (42.8%), while severe dehydration and herbal plant misuse were less frequent.
  • Only 4 out of 15 children needing Acute Peritoneal Dialysis received it, and 25% of patients died.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric ARF in the DRC exhibits a broad range of clinical features and etiologies.
  • Restricted access to Acute Peritoneal Dialysis is a significant factor contributing to the high mortality rate in these children.
Abstract

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