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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct regions...
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Adrenocortical oncocytoma - a case report.

Joanna Rutkowska1, Elżbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz, Ewa Kuglarz

  • 1Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland. rutkowskaj@wp.pl

Endokrynologia Polska
|August 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a rare, nonfunctioning adrenocortical oncocytoma in a 35-year-old male. The adrenal tumor was successfully surgically removed and showed uncertain malignant potential.

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In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
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In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Adrenocortical oncocytoma is an extremely rare adrenal gland tumor.
  • Most adrenocortical oncocytomas are benign and do not produce hormones.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old male presented with arrhythmia, leading to the discovery of a large (68x64 mm) right adrenal mass.
  • The patient was obese (BMI 32.8 kg/m2) with impaired glucose tolerance and elevated cholesterol.
  • Imaging (ultrasonography and CT) confirmed the adrenal mass.

Findings:

  • Surgical resection revealed an adrenocortical oncocytoma.
  • Pathology indicated uncertain malignant potential, with no metastases observed 37 months post-surgery.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering adrenocortical oncocytoma in the differential diagnosis of adrenal masses.
  • Despite its rarity, prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for patient outcomes.