Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Protein Organization01:13

Protein Organization

Overview
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Protein Organization01:13

Protein Organization

Overview
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Protein Folding01:22

Protein Folding

Overview

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Polyphosphate as a novel regulator of super-enhancer complexes: disruption of phase separation and gene expression.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Mechanistic Insights into the Inhibition of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> Biofilms by Chlorogenic Acid.

ACS chemical biology·2026
Same author

Inorganic Polyphosphate in Mammals: Mechanisms, Maladies, and Moving Forward.

Biomolecules·2026
Same author

Alexidine is a TAZ-specific small-molecule inhibitor that suppresses breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

iScience·2025
Same author

Discovery of polyphosphate-interacting human lysine-rich proteins and their functional implications.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2025
Same author

A Legionella pneumophila T4SS effector protein (Ravl) triggers mitochondrial fragmentation through phosphoinositide phosphatase activity.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web
09:51

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

Published on: July 16, 2017

A hierarchical order within protein structures underlies large separations between strands in β-sheets.

Brent Wathen1, Zongchao Jia

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Proteins
|August 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Protein beta-sheet formation relies on local sequence or spatial proximity, not hidden sequence signals. Nonlocal strands fold into compact modules, guiding assembly through hierarchical structures and antiparallel models.

More Related Videos

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction
16:41

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Creating and Applying a Reference to Facilitate the Discussion and Classification of Proteins in a Diverse Group
07:49

Creating and Applying a Reference to Facilitate the Discussion and Classification of Proteins in a Diverse Group

Published on: August 16, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web
09:51

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web

Published on: July 16, 2017

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction
16:41

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Creating and Applying a Reference to Facilitate the Discussion and Classification of Proteins in a Diverse Group
07:49

Creating and Applying a Reference to Facilitate the Discussion and Classification of Proteins in a Diverse Group

Published on: August 16, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Protein structure and folding
  • Biophysics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Protein beta-sheets can involve distant amino acid residues (nonlocal interactions).
  • Previous studies on small beta-sheets indicated formation is not dictated by primary sequence signals.
  • Intervening residues in small beta-sheets fold into compact modules, bringing distant chain parts together.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the principle of nonlocal beta-sheet formation applies to larger structures.
  • To analyze the structural organization of intervening regions in larger beta-sheets.
  • To determine if sequence-specific signals direct long-range interactions in beta-sheet assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of beta-sheets within a nonredundant protein dataset.
  • Examination of the intervening structures between nonlocal beta-strands.
  • Investigation of residues involved in nonlocal cross-strand interactions.

Main Results:

  • A hierarchical relationship exists in the intervening structure between nonlocal beta-strands.
  • Most beta-sheets utilize an antiparallel model for managing nonlocal interactions.
  • No evidence of sequence-specific signals directing long-range interactions was found.

Conclusions:

  • Beta-sheet formation is governed by local sequence or spatial proximity established by prior folding events.
  • The principle observed in small beta-sheets is extensible to larger and more complex structures.
  • Nonlocal interactions in beta-sheets are managed through structural organization rather than hidden sequence cues.