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Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
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A procedure for assessing intervention fidelity in experiments testing educational and behavioral interventions.

Michael C Nelson1, David S Cordray, Chris S Hulleman

  • 1Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 201-A Hobbs, Nashville, TN 37203, USA. nelsonm555@gmail.com

The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research
|September 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Assessing intervention fidelity is crucial for understanding study outcomes. This paper presents a five-step method for systematically evaluating intervention implementation in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Clinical Trials Methodology
  • Program Evaluation

Background:

  • Intervention effectiveness is typically assessed via randomized experiments.
  • A gap often exists between the designed intervention and its actual implementation.
  • This discrepancy complicates the interpretation of study results, attributing outcomes to the intervention model or implementation fidelity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a systematic, five-step procedure for assessing intervention fidelity in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • To highlight the advantages of this structured approach to fidelity assessment.
  • To provide practical examples of applying the procedure in RCTs.

Main Methods:

  • Elaboration of a five-step procedure for systematic intervention fidelity assessment.
  • Focus on application within the context of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Inclusion of illustrative examples for practical guidance.

Main Results:

  • A clear, structured methodology for evaluating how well an intervention was implemented.
  • Demonstration of how fidelity data can be integrated into outcome analysis.
  • Practical insights into applying the fidelity assessment procedure.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate assessment of intervention fidelity is vital for validly interpreting study outcomes.
  • The proposed five-step procedure offers a systematic approach to enhance the rigor of RCTs.
  • Incorporating fidelity data strengthens the evidence base for intervention effectiveness.