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Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
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Published on: April 21, 2023

Functional hand proportion is approximated by the Fibonacci series.

K W-Q Choo1, W-K Quah, G-H Chang

  • 1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Folia Morphologica
|September 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Human hand proportions align with the Fibonacci series, challenging previous assumptions. This study used hand flexion creases to define functional axes, revealing a close approximation to the Fibonacci sequence in hand joint ratios.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Biometrics
  • Anthropometry

Background:

  • The relationship between human hand proportions and the Fibonacci series is debated.
  • Defining functional proportion in the hand has been a significant challenge.
  • Previous research has not definitively established a link between hand anatomy and the Fibonacci sequence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the relationship between functional human hand proportion and the Fibonacci series.
  • To use hand flexion creases as anatomical surrogates for joint rotation axes.
  • To determine if hand proportions approximate the Fibonacci ratio.

Main Methods:

  • Obtained standardized photocopies of palmar hand views from 100 healthy male volunteers.
  • Defined functional axes using distal digital crease (DIPJ), proximal digital crease (PIPJ), and metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) midpoints.
  • Measured and compared ratios of hand segments (p3:p2:p1) to the theoretical Fibonacci ratio (1:1:2).

Main Results:

  • The combined p3:p2:p1 ratio across all digits was 1:0.98:2.01.
  • Individual digit ratios closely approximated the Fibonacci sequence.
  • p2:p3 ratios ranged from 0.80 ± 0.08 to 1.10 ± 0.10.
  • p1:p2 ratios ranged from 1.89 ± 0.16 to 2.09 ± 0.24.

Conclusions:

  • Functional human hand proportion, defined by flexion creases, approximates the Fibonacci series.
  • This study provides evidence supporting a mathematical relationship in hand anatomy.
  • The findings offer a new perspective on hand biomechanics and proportion.