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Related Concept Videos

Series Resonance01:17

Series Resonance

The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit01:17

Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit

Consider designing an oscillator circuit, a crucial component in various electronic devices and systems. The objective is to create an oscillator circuit with specific characteristics: a damped natural frequency of 4 kHz and a damping factor of 4 radians per second. To accomplish this, a parallel RLC circuit is employed, known for its ability to sustain oscillations at a resonant frequency. In this case, the damping factor is pivotal in achieving the desired performance.
Starting with a fixed...
Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
Series and Parallel Capacitors01:14

Series and Parallel Capacitors

Capacitors, fundamental components in electronic circuits, can be connected in series and/or parallel configurations. Each configuration has different impacts on the overall behavior of the circuit.
First, consider capacitors connected in series to a battery. In this configuration, the plate connected to the battery's positive terminal develops a positive charge, while the plate attached to the negative terminal becomes negatively charged. An equal magnitude of charge is induced on the other...
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

Note: series and parallel tunable resonators based on a nematic liquid crystal cell as variable capacitance.

Juan C Torres1, Carlos Marcos, José M Sánchez-Pena

  • 1Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III, Avenida de la Universidad 30, Leganés E28911, Madrid, Spain. jctzafra@ing.uc3m.es

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|September 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces tunable electronic resonators using liquid crystal cells for variable capacitance. These circuits achieve adjustable resonance frequencies in the kHz range, offering an octave tuning capability.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Physics

Background:

  • Resonators are fundamental electronic components used in various applications, including filtering and signal generation.
  • Traditional resonators often rely on fixed capacitance values, limiting their tunability.
  • Liquid crystals offer unique electro-optic properties that can be exploited for tunable electronic components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and characterize tunable series and parallel resonators.
  • To utilize a nematic liquid crystal cell as a variable capacitance element.
  • To demonstrate tunable resonance frequencies in the kilohertz (kHz) range.

Main Methods:

  • Designing series and parallel resonator circuits incorporating a liquid crystal cell.
  • Characterizing the electrical properties of the liquid crystal cell as a capacitor.
  • Measuring the resonance frequency of the proposed circuits under varying conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved tunable resonance frequencies in the kHz range by combining inductance with the liquid crystal cell's variable capacitance.
  • Demonstrated a significant tuning range of approximately one octave for the resonance frequency.
  • Validated the performance of both series and parallel resonator configurations.

Conclusions:

  • Nematic liquid crystal cells are effective as variable capacitors for creating tunable electronic resonators.
  • The proposed resonator designs offer a practical method for achieving wide frequency tuning in the kHz range.
  • This work has implications for reconfigurable electronic circuits and tunable filters.