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Updated: May 19, 2026

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
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Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers.

Erika Avila-Tang1, Wael K Al-Delaimy, David L Ashley

  • 11Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2213 McElderry Street, 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. etang@jhsph.edu

Tobacco Control
|September 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assessing secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) is crucial for tobacco control. This review catalogues methods for measuring SHSe, focusing on biomarkers like cotinine and NNAL for accurate assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) causes adverse health effects in adults and children.
  • SHSe assessment is vital for global tobacco control research and implementation.
  • Methodological challenges persist in accurately assessing SHSe.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To catalogue existing approaches for assessing SHSe.
  • To establish uniform methods for future SHSe research.
  • To facilitate comparative analysis of findings across studies.

Main Methods:

  • A multidisciplinary expert meeting was convened to discuss SHSe assessment.
  • Review of self-reported, environmental, and biological SHSe measurement techniques.
  • Summarization of scientific evidence on SHSe biomarkers, analytical methods, and biological matrices.

Main Results:

  • Biomarkers specific to SHSe include nicotine, cotinine, and NNK metabolites like NNAL.
  • Cotinine is the preferred biomarker in blood, saliva, and urine.
  • Nicotine and cotinine can also be measured in hair and toenails; NNAL in urine.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of SHSe biomarker and biological matrix depends on research questions, study design, and resources.
  • Standardized methods are needed to improve the accuracy and comparability of SHSe assessments.
  • This work provides a foundation for consistent and reliable SHSe measurement in future studies.