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Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
Base-pairing and DNA Repair02:27

Base-pairing and DNA Repair

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I, duplicated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

PALB2 self-interaction controls homologous recombination.

Rémi Buisson1, Jean-Yves Masson

  • 1Genome Stability Laboratory, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec city (Québec), G1R 2J6, Canada.

Nucleic Acids Research
|September 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The PALB2 protein

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cellular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) is crucial for DNA double-strand break repair via homologous recombination (HR).
  • PALB2 facilitates BRCA2 anchoring to nuclear structures, a key step in DNA repair.
  • Understanding PALB2's regulatory mechanisms is vital for comprehending genome stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the N-terminal coiled-coil motif of PALB2 in regulating its self-association.
  • To elucidate how PALB2 self-interaction influences homologous recombination (HR) and RAD51 filament formation.
  • To explore the interplay between PALB2 self-interaction and its interaction with BRCA1 in DNA repair dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated PALB2 self-association using its N-terminal coiled-coil motif.

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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 11, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
07:55

Detection of Homologous Recombination Intermediates via Proximity Ligation and Quantitative PCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 11, 2022

  • Assessed the impact of monomeric PALB2 and its coiled-coil domain on DNA binding and RAD51 filament formation.
  • Examined the effect of PALB2 coiled-coil domain overexpression on RAD51 loading at DNA damage sites.
  • Analyzed the switch between PALB2-PALB2 and PALB2-BRCA1 interactions in response to DNA damage.

    • Main Results:

    • The N-terminal coiled-coil motif of PALB2 regulates its self-association and homologous recombination.
    • Monomeric PALB2 exhibits enhanced DNA binding and promotes RAD51 filament formation, even in the presence of Replication Protein A.
    • Overexpression of the PALB2 coiled-coil domain impairs RAD51 loading, indicating competition between PALB2 self-interaction and PALB2-BRCA1 interaction.
    • A dynamic switch between PALB2-PALB2 and PALB2-BRCA1 interactions is observed upon DNA damage, facilitating HR activation.

    Conclusions:

    • PALB2 self-interaction is a key regulator of homologous recombination.
    • The interplay between PALB2 self-association and BRCA1 interaction is critical for activating DNA repair pathways.
    • Modulating PALB2 self-interactions offers a potential strategy for controlling aberrant recombination and ensuring timely DNA repair.