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Related Concept Videos

Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions01:22

Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions

Two primary types of muscle contractions are isotonic and isometric, each serving unique functions and involving distinct mechanisms. Both isotonic and isometric contractions are integral to the body's complex system of movement and stability. Isotonic exercises contribute significantly to functional strength and movement, while isometric contractions are crucial for maintaining posture and joint stability.
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while the...
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Eccentric Loading01:16

Eccentric Loading

Eccentric loading is a crucial concept in the study of structural engineering and mechanics, particularly when analyzing the stability and stress distribution in columns. Unlike centric loading, where the force is applied along the centroidal axis, causing uniform compression, eccentric loading occurs when a force is applied off-center. This off-center application introduces not only direct compressive stress but also bending stress, significantly influencing the column's behavior under load.
General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical bending,...
Muscle Coordination and Action01:24

Muscle Coordination and Action

Muscle coordination is a complex and finely tuned process essential for smooth and purposeful movements like flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. The human body orchestrates the actions of various muscles working in concert, each with a specific role. Four functional types describe how muscles work together: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator.
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Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.

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Isometric and Eccentric Force Generation Assessment of Skeletal Muscles Isolated from Murine Models of Muscular Dystrophies
14:10

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Published on: January 31, 2013

Eccentric exercise does not affect common drive in the biceps brachii.

Travis W Beck1, Paul R Kasishke, Matt S Stock

  • 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, 110 Huston Huffman Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA. tbeck@ou.edu

Muscle & Nerve
|September 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eccentric exercise did not alter common neural drive to forearm flexors, even with a significant strength decrease. This suggests neural control remains robust following this type of training.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuromuscular Physiology
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Eccentric exercise is a key component of strength training.
  • Understanding its effects on neural control is crucial for optimizing training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of eccentric exercise on common drive in forearm flexor muscles.

Main Methods:

  • Eleven men underwent maximal eccentric isokinetic exercise or rest.
  • Surface electromyography recorded motor unit activity from the biceps brachii.
  • Common drive was assessed by cross-correlating motor unit firing patterns.

Main Results:

  • Peak cross-correlation coefficients ranged from 0.2-0.5, occasionally reaching 0.7.
  • These coefficients did not significantly change after eccentric exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Eccentric exercise did not affect common drive to the forearm flexors.
  • Despite a 19.5% strength reduction, neural drive remained consistent, indicating resilience.