Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 19, 2026
04:37
Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
Published on: April 25, 2025
Analysis of kidney dysfunction in orthopaedic patients
Konstantinos Kateros1, Christos Doulgerakis, Spyridon P Galanakos
1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Levadia, Levadia, Greece. kkateros@hotmail.com
BMC Nephrology
|September 5, 2012
Summary
Kidney dysfunction (KD) affects 8.9% of orthopedic surgery patients. Risk factors include dehydration, diabetes, pre-existing KD, shock, NSAIDs, and nephrotoxic antibiotics, necessitating close monitoring for at-risk individuals.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Retrospective study assessing kidney dysfunction (KD) incidence and risk factors in orthopedic surgery patients.
- Focus on post-operative outcomes following elective or emergency procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine the incidence of kidney dysfunction (KD) post-orthopedic surgery.
- Identify significant risk factors contributing to KD development in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 1025 patients over one year; 893 underwent surgery.
- Evaluation of risk factors: age, comorbidities, shock, hypotension, heart failure, medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs, opiates), rhabdomyolysis, contrast agents, and pre-existing KD.
- Data collected retrospectively.
Main Results:
- Overall KD incidence was 8.9% (68 acute renal injury, 12 acute on chronic kidney disease).
- Renal function recovery observed in 82.5% of affected patients.
- Significant risk factors identified: perioperative dehydration, diabetes mellitus, pre-existing KD, perioperative shock, NSAIDs, and nephrotoxic antibiotics.
Conclusions:
- Patients with risk factors for postoperative KD require close evaluation and monitoring.
- Proactive management strategies are crucial for preventing KD in high-risk orthopedic surgery patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
01:29Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
01:22Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
01:20Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...