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Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

In vitro fertilization stimulation protocol for normal responder patients.

R Marci1, D Caserta, F Lisi

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. roberto.marci@unife.it

Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology
|September 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists shorten stimulation duration and reduce gonadotrophin dosage in IVF compared to GnRH agonists, offering similar pregnancy success for normal responders.

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Last Updated: May 19, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization
06:40

Collection of Human Follicular Fluid, Follicle Somatic Cells, and Immature Oocytes from Individuals Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

Published on: October 24, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

Background:

  • Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) is a key component of IVF treatments.
  • Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists are used to manage COH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the outcomes of IVF/ICSI treatments using GnRH antagonists versus GnRH agonists for COH in normal responder patients.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study involving 247 patients undergoing IVF.
  • Patients received either a standard long protocol with GnRH agonists (n=156) or GnRH antagonists (n=91).
  • Outcomes measured included stimulation duration, gonadotrophin dosage, cycle cancellation rates, clinical pregnancy, and implantation rates.

Main Results:

  • GnRH antagonists significantly reduced stimulation duration (11.34 ± 2.11 days vs 14.10 ± 2.25 days) and gonadotrophin requirement (1331 ± 1049 IU vs 1878 ± 1109 IU) compared to GnRH agonists.
  • The antagonist protocol showed a lower cycle cancellation rate (4.39% vs 6.41%).
  • Clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were similar between the two groups.

Conclusions:

  • GnRH antagonists offer a shorter stimulation period and reduced gonadotrophin dosage in IVF for normal responders.
  • The GnRH antagonist protocol is associated with comparable pregnancy and implantation rates to the GnRH agonist protocol.
  • GnRH antagonists may be a beneficial option for normal responder patients undergoing IVF.