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Related Concept Videos

Attachment01:20

Attachment

Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that physical...
Relationship with Parents: Attachment01:28

Relationship with Parents: Attachment

Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood03:34

Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood

Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Styles01:28

Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Styles

Attachment theory, developed initially to explain infant–caregiver bonds, has been extended to illuminate patterns of intimacy in adult romantic relationships. Psychologists Cindy Hazan and Phillip Shaver proposed that the attachment styles observed in infancy form a framework for how individuals approach emotional closeness and conflict in adulthood. These attachment styles—secure, avoidant, and anxious—are linked to enduring patterns of behavior and emotional regulation in adult relationships.
The Nativist Approach01:21

The Nativist Approach

The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to exist...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
05:04

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

Published on: September 22, 2023

Maternal-infant attachment, naturally.

J A Lothian1

  • 1J udith L othian is a childbirth educator in Brooklyn, New York, and the Chair of the Lamaze International Certification Council.

The Journal of Perinatal Education
|September 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prenatal sonograms are not always necessary for a healthy pregnancy. Mothers can strengthen their bond with babies by relying more on natural instincts than technology.

Keywords:
childbirth educationmaternal-infant attachmentprenatal sonogram

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Published on: September 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Pregnancy Technology Assessment
  • Parent-Infant Bonding

Background:

  • Growing reliance on advanced medical technologies during pregnancy.
  • Reader inquiry regarding the routine use of prenatal sonograms.
  • Balancing technological interventions with natural maternal capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the necessity of prenatal sonograms.
  • To explore the impact of technology on maternal-fetal bonding.
  • To advocate for a balanced approach in prenatal care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current obstetric practices.
  • Discussion of the psychological aspects of pregnancy.
  • Analysis of the role of technology in prenatal assessment.

Main Results:

  • Prenatal sonograms may not be essential in all cases.
  • Over-reliance on technology can potentially hinder maternal-fetal bonding.
  • Maternal intuition and natural abilities play a crucial role in pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • Limit prenatal sonograms to cases with medical indications.
  • Encourage mothers to trust their natural abilities.
  • Prioritize non-technological methods for fostering maternal-fetal bonding.