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An easy method to quantify plasma cells in caeliac disease.

Carlos A Rubio¹, Daren Buhrkhul, Marina Perdiki

¹Gastrointestinal and Liver Pathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden. Carlos.Rubio@ki.se

In Vivo (Athens, Greece)

|September 6, 2012

Summary

Caeliac disease patients show significantly more plasma cells and their precursors in the small intestine. This MUM1 (multiple myeloma oncogene 1) staining may indicate a response to abnormal duodenal bacteria.

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Determination of Immune Cell Identity and Purity Using Epigenetic-Based Quantitative PCR

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Published on: February 19, 2020

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Immunology
Histopathology

Background:

Caeliac disease is an immune-mediated condition triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals.
Abnormal duodenal microbiota are observed in caeliac disease patients.
The antibody multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) marks plasma cells and their precursors.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the frequency of MUM1-expressing cells in the duodenal mucosa of caeliac disease patients.
To compare MUM1-expressing cell counts between caeliac and non-caeliac individuals.

Main Methods:

Analysis of eleven duodenal biopsies (four caeliac, seven non-caeliac).
Histological staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and anti-MUM1 antibody.
Quantification of MUM1-labelled cells in superficial (SC) and deep (DC) compartments of the lamina propria mucosa (lpm) using a graticulated eyepiece.

Main Results:

Caeliac patients had significantly higher mean MUM1-labelled cells in the lpm (SC: 67.1, DC: 61.5) compared to non-caeliac patients (SC: 7.6, DC: 29.2; p<0.05).
Accumulation of MUM1-expressing cells was particularly notable in the superficial compartment of the duodenal mucosa in caeliac patients.

Conclusions:

A significantly higher number of plasma cells and plasma cell precursors accumulate in the duodenal mucosa of caeliac disease patients.
This accumulation, especially in the superficial compartment, may represent a defense mechanism against reported duodenal bacterial flora.
This study is the first to use MUM1 immunostaining to assess plasma cell precursor frequency in the duodenal mucosa of caeliac patients.