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Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
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Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing
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Published on: April 25, 2019

Coherence brightened laser source for atmospheric remote sensing.

Andrew J Traverso1, Rodrigo Sanchez-Gonzalez, Luqi Yuan

  • 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers generated efficient laser-like beams from ambient air using a novel two-photon process in oxygen. This phenomenon, exhibiting nonadiabatic atomic coherence, offers new possibilities for nonlinear spectroscopy and remote sensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Laser physics

Background:

  • Coherent emission in gases is typically associated with stimulated emission in lasers.
  • Atmospheric oxygen (O2) photolysis and excitation are fundamental processes in atmospheric chemistry and physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate coherent optical emission from ambient air.
  • To explore the underlying physical mechanisms, including atomic coherence, in oxygen.
  • To assess the potential for novel remote sensing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a nanosecond ultraviolet laser for pumping ambient air.
  • Analyzing the temporal characteristics of emitted laser-like beams (forward and backward).
  • Investigating two-photon photolysis of O2 and two-photon excitation of atomic oxygen.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated efficient generation of forward and backward laser-like beams from ambient air.
  • Identified the process as originating from two-photon photolysis of O2 followed by atomic oxygen excitation.
  • Observed short-duration intensity spikes and a large Rabi frequency, indicating nonadiabatic atomic coherence.

Conclusions:

  • The observed coherent emission in oxygen exhibits characteristics of Dicke superradiance, distinct from conventional lasing.
  • This nonadiabatic atomic coherence provides new insights into optical emission physics in atmospheric gases.
  • The findings hold significant promise for developing advanced remote sensing techniques based on nonlinear spectroscopy.