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Abnormal involuntary movements and chronic schizophrenic disorders.

T C Manschreck1, N J Keuthen, M L Schneyer

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114.

Biological Psychiatry
|January 15, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients with abnormal involuntary movements experience more severe negative symptoms, cognitive deficits, and motor impairments. These findings highlight distinct clinical profiles within schizophrenia based on movement abnormalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder.
  • Abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) are common in schizophrenia, often linked to antipsychotic medication.
  • The relationship between AIMs and specific psychopathological, neurological, and cognitive deficits requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether chronic schizophrenic patients with abnormal involuntary movements exhibit more severe psychopathological, neurological, and cognitive disturbances compared to those without AIMs.
  • To identify specific symptom domains associated with AIMs in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two chronic schizophrenic patients were assessed.
  • Abnormal involuntary movements were quantified using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS).

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  • Patients were divided into groups with and without movement abnormalities for comparative analysis of psychopathology, cognitive function, and neurological signs.

    • Main Results:

    • The group with involuntary movements (n=13) showed significantly more negative symptomatology compared to the group without (n=9).
    • Impairment on voluntary motor tasks was greater in patients with AIMs.
    • Lower premorbid intelligence and a trend toward poorer recall on mental status examination were observed in the group with AIMs.
    • No significant differences were found in age, education, illness duration, depressive symptoms, total symptom ratings, or medication variables between the groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Schizophrenic patients with abnormal involuntary movements exhibit more severe psychopathology, particularly negative symptoms.
    • AIMs are associated with greater cognitive impairment and motor control deficits in schizophrenia.
    • These findings suggest that the presence of AIMs may indicate a more severe disease phenotype in schizophrenia.