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Related Concept Videos

Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...

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DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
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Programming a highly structured ribozyme into complex allostery using RNA oligonucleotides.

Samuel G Rouleau1, Rachel Jodoin, Martin Bisaillon

  • 1RNA group/Groupe ARN, Département de biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada.

ACS Chemical Biology
|September 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic biologists can now control Hepatitis Delta Virus ribozyme activity using engineered RNA molecules. This breakthrough enables precise regulation of gene expression in cells via synthetic biology tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Molecular biology
  • RNA therapeutics

Background:

  • RNA molecules offer versatile tools for synthetic biology applications.
  • The Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) ribozyme is a catalytic RNA with self-cleaving activity.
  • Controlling ribozyme function is crucial for developing novel genetic circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer controllable HDV ribozymes using aptamers and effector oligonucleotides.
  • To demonstrate allosteric regulation of HDV ribozyme activity in mammalian cells.
  • To explore the potential of RNA-based logic gates for gene modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Fusion of HDV ribozyme with a hairpin structure to inhibit self-cleavage.
  • Design and synthesis of specific aptamers and effector RNA oligonucleotides.
  • Insertion of the modified ribozyme into the 5' UTR of a reporter gene for in cellulo studies.
  • In vitro characterization of ribozymes with logic-gated aptamers.

Main Results:

  • A hairpin structure abolished HDV ribozyme self-cleavage.
  • A 14-mer oligonucleotide rescued ribozyme activity in a concentration-dependent manner.
  • Oligonucleotide-mediated modulation of ribozyme activity was confirmed in mammalian cells.
  • Engineered ribozymes with logic-gated aptamers demonstrated functionality in vitro.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first example of HDV ribozyme regulation by synthetic oligonucleotides.
  • Allosteric regulation of HDV ribozyme in mammalian cells was achieved.
  • The developed system offers a novel RNA-based tool for synthetic biology and gene regulation.
  • This work expands the possibilities for RNA-based genetic control systems.