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Related Experiment Videos

Accessory cell function in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.

M Clerici1, N I Stocks, R A Zajac

  • 1Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection does not impair accessory cell function. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-positive individuals showed normal antigen presentation to T lymphocytes, suggesting no early immune defect.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  • The early stages of HIV infection may impact immune cell function.
  • Accessory cells play a crucial role in T lymphocyte activation and immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate accessory cell function in individuals with early-stage HIV infection.
  • To determine if HIV-positive individuals without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) symptoms exhibit defects in antigen-presenting cells.
  • To assess the impact of early HIV on the presentation of recall antigens and HLA alloantigens.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from human immunodeficiency virus seropositive (HIV+) individuals at Walter Reed Stage 1.

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  • Accessory cell function was assessed using two experimental models: recall antigen presentation to autologous T lymphocytes and HLA alloantigen presentation to healthy, HIV- donor T lymphocytes.
  • T lymphocyte responses were measured to evaluate antigen presentation capacity.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant defect in accessory cell function was observed in HIV+ individuals at Walter Reed Stage 1.
    • The presentation of recall antigens to autologous T lymphocytes was normal.
    • The presentation of HLA alloantigens to T lymphocytes from healthy, HIV- donors was also unimpaired.

    Conclusions:

    • Accessory cell function appears to be preserved in the early, asymptomatic stages of HIV infection.
    • This study suggests that immune defects related to accessory cell dysfunction may occur later in the progression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
    • Further research is warranted to explore accessory cell function at later stages of HIV disease.