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Cardiac cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: function, regulation, and therapeutic prospects
1Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|September 7, 2012
Summary
Phosphodiesterases regulate cyclic nucleotide signaling in the heart, impacting cardiac function and disease. Inhibitors offer therapeutic potential but may cause cardiovascular side effects.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Molecular Pharmacology
- Cell Signaling
Background:
- Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are vital second messengers in cardiac cells.
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) control cAMP and cGMP levels, influencing diverse physiological and pathological processes.
- Over 60 PDE isoforms exist, with at least 7 families expressed in the myocardium.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the expression and function of PDEs in the heart.
- To discuss the role of PDEs in cardiac physiology and pathology.
- To examine the cardiovascular effects of PDE inhibitors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on phosphodiesterases in the heart.
- Analysis of PDE expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms.
- Evaluation of PDE involvement in cardiac function, disease, and therapeutic interventions.
Main Results:
- PDEs are critical regulators of cardiac cAMP and cGMP signaling.
- Myocardial PDEs influence key processes like pacemaking, contractility, remodeling, and apoptosis.
- PDE inhibitors are used and explored for cardiovascular diseases, with potential side effects.
Conclusions:
- Phosphodiesterases play multifaceted roles in cardiac health and disease.
- Targeting PDEs offers therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular conditions.
- Careful consideration of PDE inhibitor cardiovascular effects is necessary.
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