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Related Concept Videos

Attitudes01:54

Attitudes

Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who are...
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Implicit personality theory explains how individuals make assumptions about the relationships between personality traits, behaviors, and character types. When people learn that someone possesses a particular trait, they tend to infer the presence of other related characteristics, forming a cohesive impression. This cognitive shortcut plays a crucial role in social interactions and interpersonal judgments.Central Traits and Their InfluenceSolomon Asch's seminal 1946 study highlighted the power...
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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
Confirmation Biases01:31

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Social Proof

Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.

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Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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Do implicit attitudes predict actual voting behavior particularly for undecided voters?

Malte Friese1, Colin Tucker Smith, Thomas Plischke

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. malte.friese@unibas.ch

Plos One
|September 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Explicit attitudes better predict voting behavior than implicit attitudes for both undecided and decided voters. Implicit attitudes are stronger predictors for decided voters, challenging previous assumptions about predicting electoral choices.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Political Science
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Predicting voting behavior, especially among undecided voters, is a significant challenge for pollsters and psychologists.
  • Prior research suggested implicit attitudes predict undecided voters' choices, while explicit attitudes predict decided voters' choices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the assumption that implicit attitudes predict voting behavior in undecided voters and explicit attitudes in decided voters.
  • To investigate the predictive validity of implicit versus explicit attitudes in real political elections across different political systems.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two studies in two countries with distinct political systems during actual elections.
  • Measured both implicit and explicit attitudes to assess their predictive power on voting behavior.

Main Results:

  • Explicit attitudes consistently predicted voting behavior more effectively than implicit attitudes for both decided and undecided voters.
  • Implicit attitudes demonstrated stronger predictive validity for decided voters compared to undecided voters.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the notion that implicit attitudes are superior predictors for undecided voters.
  • Greater attitude elaboration may lead to stronger convergence between implicit and explicit attitudes, enhancing predictive validity.
  • Less attitude elaboration might be linked to greater incremental predictive validity of implicit over explicit attitudes.