Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane01:27

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
The major components of all eukaryotic cell...
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nerve Injuries: Operative Indications Based on the Functional State and the Anatomic Examination of the Nerve.

War medicine (Paris, France)·2023
Same author

COVID-19 and adaptive behavior of returns: evidence from commodity markets.

Humanities & social sciences communications·2022
Same author

Retroperitoneal abscess caused by dropped renal stones.

Radiology case reports·2021
Same author

2D parametric contrast time-density analysis for the prediction of complete aneurysm occlusion at six months' post-flow diversion stent.

Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences·2020
Same author

Acylcarnitines at the Membrane Surface: Insertion Parameters for a Mitochondrial Leaflet Model.

Biophysical journal·2020
Same author

Coccidian parasites from birds at rehabilitation centers in Portugal, with notes on Avispora bubonis in Old World.

Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
07:31

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies

Published on: September 1, 2023

Coexisting phases in PEGylated phosphocholine membranes: a model study.

Kanwal Tanwir1, Muhammad Naeem Shahid, Andre Thomas

  • 1Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary

PEGylated phosphocholine membranes exhibit diverse phase behaviors, crucial for biomedical applications. This study visualizes unexpected phase states and transitions, aiding in predicting membrane behavior under physiological conditions.

More Related Videos

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
10:58

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

Published on: July 27, 2017

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 18, 2026

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
07:31

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies

Published on: September 1, 2023

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions
10:58

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

Published on: July 27, 2017

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Membrane Biophysics
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • PEGylated phosphocholine membranes are vital in biomedical applications.
  • Understanding their phase behavior is critical for optimizing performance.
  • Existing models do not fully explain observed phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase behavior of model PEGylated phosphocholine membranes.
  • To visualize and characterize phase states and transitions.
  • To develop predictive models for membrane phase behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized binary mixtures of phosphocholines and PEG-phospholipids.
  • Formed monolayers on phosphate buffered saline.
  • Employed epifluorescence microscopy for visualization.

Main Results:

  • Observed diverse phase states and transitions not predicted by current theories.
  • Demonstrated significant variations in phase behavior based on lipid composition (aliphatic chain length, PEG content) and temperature.
  • Generated phase diagrams illustrating the variety of possible phases.

Conclusions:

  • The phase state of PEGylated phosphocholine membranes is highly sensitive to molecular structure and environmental factors.
  • The developed phase diagrams can predict membrane behavior, especially under physiological conditions.
  • Findings advance the understanding and design of PEGylated membranes for biomedical uses.