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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation

Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract III: Percussion01:29

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract III: Percussion

The respiratory system, fundamental to life, consists of complex structures responsible for gas exchange. The percussion assessment is critical to understanding this system's health and functionality. This non-invasive assessment technique allows healthcare providers to evaluate the density or aeration of the lungs, thereby identifying potential abnormalities.
Percussion in Respiratory Assessment
Percussion evaluates underlying tissue composition with audible and tactile vibrations,...
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...

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Tickling, a Technique for Inducing Positive Affect When Handling Rats
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[Recommendations for death rattle].

T Pastrana1, H Reineke-Bracke, F Elsner

  • 1Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Klinikum der RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland. tpastrana@ukaachen.de

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)
|September 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Treating death rattle, or noisy breathing in end-of-life care, lacks clear guidelines. Current research shows limited evidence for drug effectiveness, recommending non-drug therapies first.

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Care
  • Symptom Management

Background:

  • Death rattle (noisy breathing) is a common, difficult-to-treat symptom in terminal illness.
  • Palliative medicine lacks established guidelines for managing death rattle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe death rattle.
  • To systematically review the literature on the effectiveness of interventions for death rattle.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Embase and Medline databases up to 2010.
  • Included 6 studies (2 cohort, 4 experimental) testing anticholinergics (scopolamine, glycopyrrolate, butyl scopolamine, atropine) and octreotide.

Main Results:

  • A significant lack of conclusive studies on death rattle treatment effectiveness.
  • Identified methodological issues within the existing research.
  • Non-drug therapy is generally recommended as the first-line approach.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence for pharmacological interventions for death rattle is limited and methodologically flawed.
  • Non-drug therapies are the preferred initial treatment.
  • Choice of anticholinergics depends on the need for concurrent sedation.