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Vancomycin resistant enterococci in farm animals - occurrence and importance.

Oskar Nilsson1

  • 1Department of Animal health and Antimicrobial strategies, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology
|September 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have shifted from harmless bacteria to significant pathogens. While avoparcin use decreased VRE in farm animals, they persist and pose a public health risk through food products.

Keywords:
Enterococcus faeciumVREepidemiologygene transfervanAvancomycin

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Enterococci have evolved from commensals to opportunistic pathogens, notably causing nosocomial infections.
  • The emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) is a critical development, with Enterococcus faecium carrying vanA resistance being most clinically significant.
  • VRE are prevalent in farm animals, linked to the historical use of avoparcin for growth promotion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emergence, epidemiology, and elimination of VRE in humans and food-producing animals.
  • To summarize the specific situation of VRE in Swedish broiler production.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review based on a PhD thesis.
  • Analysis of VRE prevalence and trends in farm animals and humans.

Main Results:

  • Discontinuation of avoparcin led to a decrease in VRE prevalence in farm animals.
  • VRE remain present in farm animals and pose a potential public health risk via food.
  • Enterococcus faecium with vanA resistance is the most common VRE type in both humans and animals.

Conclusions:

  • VRE represent a significant public health concern due to their persistence in food-producing animals.
  • Continued surveillance and control measures are necessary to mitigate the risk of VRE transmission through the food chain.