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Related Concept Videos

Kinematic Equations for Rotation01:30

Kinematic Equations for Rotation

In mechanics, when one observes a rigid body in rotational motion with constant angular acceleration, it is possible to establish equations for its rotational kinematics. This process resembles how linear kinematics are dealt with in simpler motion studies.
For instance, imagine a point A on a rigid body engaged in circular motion. The translational velocity of this particular point can be calculated by taking the time derivatives of the displacement equation, which essentially measures the...
Kinematic Equations - II01:17

Kinematic Equations - II

The second kinematic equation expresses the final position of an object in terms of its initial position, the distance traveled with the initial constant velocity, and the distance traveled due to a change in velocity. Similar to the first kinematic equation, this equation is also only valid when the acceleration is constant throughout the motion of an object.
Suppose a car merges into freeway traffic on a 200 m long ramp. If its initial velocity is 10 m/s and it accelerates at 2 m/s2, then the...
Kinematic Equations - III01:18

Kinematic Equations - III

The first two kinematic equations have time as a variable, but the third kinematic equation is independent of time. This equation expresses final velocity as a function of the acceleration and distance over which it acts. The fourth kinematic equation does not have an acceleration term and provides the final position of the object at time t in terms of the initial and final velocities. This equation is useful when the value of the constant acceleration is unknown.
Using the kinematic equations,...
Kinematic Equations - I01:26

Kinematic Equations - I

When an object moves with constant acceleration, the velocity of the object changes at a constant rate throughout the motion. The kinematic equations of motions are derived for such cases where the acceleration of the object is constant. The first kinematic equation gives an insight into the relationship between velocity, acceleration, and time. We can see, for example:
Kinematic Equations: Problem Solving01:15

Kinematic Equations: Problem Solving

When analyzing one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration, the problem-solving strategy involves identifying the known quantities and choosing the appropriate kinematic equations to solve for the unknowns. Either one or two kinematic equations are needed to solve for the unknowns, depending on the known and unknown quantities. Generally, the number of equations required is the same as the number of unknown quantities in the given example. Two-body pursuit problems always require two...
Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
09:14

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

Published on: October 28, 2022

Elbow joint instability: A kinematic model.

B S Olsen1, M G Henriksen, J O Søjbjerg

  • 1From the Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|September 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dividing the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments causes significant elbow joint instability. This cadaveric model effectively replicates instability patterns for testing new corrective procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • Elbow joint instability can result from collateral ligament damage.
  • Understanding the kinematic effects of ligamentous injury is crucial for treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinematic effects of simultaneous ulnar and radial collateral ligament division on the elbow joint.
  • To assess the stability of the elbow joint under valgus, varus, and rotational stress after ligamentous injury.

Main Methods:

  • A cadaveric elbow model was utilized.
  • Simultaneous division of the anterior ulnar collateral ligament and annular ligament was performed.
  • Elbow joint kinematics, including laxity and rotation, were measured under various stress conditions with forearms in maximum pronation.

Main Results:

  • Ligament division resulted in significant elbow joint instability.
  • Mean maximum laxity observed was 5.7° in valgus stress and 13.2° in forced external rotation.
  • Consistent instability patterns were reproducible, indicating model reliability.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous division of these key elbow ligaments leads to substantial joint instability.
  • The developed cadaveric model accurately reproduces elbow instability patterns.
  • This model is suitable for evaluating the efficacy of surgical stabilization techniques prior to clinical application.