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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
π Molecular Orbitals of the Allyl Cation and Anion01:18

π Molecular Orbitals of the Allyl Cation and Anion

An allyl group is a three-carbon conjugated system where the sp³-hybridized allylic carbon is bonded to a CH=CH2 group via a single bond. Allyl anions can be obtained by treating propene with a strong base that can deprotonate methyl groups. Allyl cations are formed as intermediates during substitution reactions involving allylic halides. In both cases, the hybridization of the allylic carbon changes from sp3 to sp2, giving rise to a carbon chain with three sp2-hybridized carbons, each with an...
Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation01:27

Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation

Robinson annulation is a base-catalyzed reaction for the synthesis of 2-cyclohexenone derivatives from 1,3-dicarbonyl donors (such as cyclic diketones, β-ketoesters, or β-diketones) and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl acceptors. Named after Sir Robert Robinson, who discovered it, this reaction yields a six-membered ring with three new C–C bonds (two σ bonds and one π bond).
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH301:11

ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3

All ortho–para directors, excluding halogens, are activating groups. These groups donate electrons to the ring, making the ring carbons electron-rich. Consequently, the reactivity of the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution increases. For instance, the nitration of anisole is about 10,000 times faster than the nitration of benzene. The electron-donating effect of the methoxy group in anisole activates the ortho and para positions on the ring and stabilizes the corresponding...
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene01:11

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene

The Friedel–Crafts acylation reactions involve the addition of an acyl group to an aromatic ring. These reactions proceed via electrophilic aromatic substitution by employing an acyl chloride and a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride to form aryl ketone.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 18, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Acceptor pincer Ru(II) chemistry.

Jeramie J Adams1, Brian C Gruver, Rose Donohoue

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Box 3838, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|September 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Ruthenium(II) pincer complexes featuring acceptor ligands were synthesized. These novel complexes exhibit diverse reactivity, paving the way for new catalytic applications in organometallic chemistry.

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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
09:45

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Published on: March 20, 2017

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

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Last Updated: May 18, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
09:45

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Published on: March 20, 2017

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Ruthenium(II) complexes are versatile in catalysis and materials science.
  • Pincer ligands offer enhanced stability and unique reactivity to metal centers.
  • Acceptor ligands can tune the electronic properties of metal complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel acceptor pincer Ruthenium(II) complexes.
  • To explore the reactivity of these complexes with various ligands and reagents.
  • To investigate potential applications in catalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of the carbonyl complex ((CF3)PCP)Ru(CO)Cl2(-)Et3NH(+) from (CF3)PCPH and [(cod)Ru(μ-Cl)2](n).
  • Chloride displacement reactions with different ligands (CO, PPh3, C2H4, (CF3)PCPH) to form new Ru(II) complexes.
  • Chloride abstraction and subsequent addition reactions to generate hydrido and cationic Ru(II) complexes.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of a series of new acceptor pincer Ru(II) complexes.
  • Characterization of complexes with general formulas ((CF3)PCP)Ru(CO)(L)Cl, [((CF3)PCP)Ru(CO)Cl]2(μ-(CF3)PCPH), ((CF3)PCP)Ru(CO)(L)(H), ((CF3)PCP)Ru(CO)3(+), and ((CF3)PCP)Ru(PPh3)(O2CR).
  • Demonstrated reactivity including chloride displacement, abstraction, and carboxylate complex formation.

Conclusions:

  • The reported synthetic routes provide access to a diverse range of novel acceptor pincer Ru(II) complexes.
  • The synthesized complexes exhibit tunable reactivity based on the coordinated ligands.
  • These findings lay the groundwork for exploring the catalytic potential of these new Ruthenium(II) systems.