Related Experiment Videos
Propylene glycol ingestion causes D-lactic acidosis
M M Christopher1, J H Eckfeldt, J W Eaton
1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul.
Summary
Propylene glycol ingestion in cats significantly increased D-lactate levels, correlating with an elevated anion gap and neurological signs. This highlights potential risks for animals and humans exposed to propylene glycol.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Toxicology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol) is a common pharmaceutical solvent and food additive.
- Mammalian metabolism of propylene glycol resembles ethanol, producing lactate.
- Previous observations indicated increased anion gap in cats consuming propylene glycol.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the metabolic effects of propylene glycol in cats.
- To determine the relationship between propylene glycol, lactate isomers, and anion gap.
- To assess potential neurological consequences of propylene glycol ingestion.
Main Methods:
- Cats were fed varying doses of propylene glycol (1.6 gm/kg/day and 8.0 gm/kg/day) for 35 days.
- Measurements included anion gap, D-lactate, and L-lactate concentrations.
- Clinical signs of intoxication were monitored.
Main Results:
- L-lactate levels decreased during propylene glycol feeding.
- D-lactate levels increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner.
- High-dose propylene glycol ingestion led to D-lactate concentrations associated with human encephalopathy and caused depression and ataxia in cats.
Conclusions:
- Propylene glycol metabolism in cats leads to a dose-dependent accumulation of D-lactate.
- Elevated D-lactate correlates with increased anion gap and neurological impairment in cats.
- Findings suggest potential toxicity risks of propylene glycol in both animal and human health.