Related Experiment Videos
Mitraclip therapy and surgical mitral repair in patients with moderate to severe left ventricular failure causing
Maurizio Taramasso1, Paolo Denti, Nicola Buzzatti
1Cardiac Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Objectives:
Surgical mitral repair is the conventional treatment for severe symptomatic functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). Mitraclip therapy is an emerging option for selected high-risk patients with FMR. The aim of this study was to report the outcomes of patients who underwent a surgical mitral repair and Mitraclip therapy for FMR in our experience.
Methods:
From March 2000 and April 2011, 143 patients with FMR were treated in our institution: 91 patients (63.6%) underwent surgical mitral repair (49% ischaemic; 51% idiopathic) and 52 (36.4%) underwent Mitraclip implantation (71% ischaemic; 29% idiopathic). Associated procedures in the surgical group were myocardial revascularization in 35%, tricuspid repair in 25% and atrial fibrillation ablation in 26%. Follow-up was 100% complete (median 18; 6.4-45 months for surgery and 8.5; 4-12 months for Mitraclip).
Results:
Mitraclip patients were older (P = 0.04), had higher log EuroSCORE (P < 0.0001), lower LVEF (P = 0.006) and higher left ventricular diameter (P = 0.01 for left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and P = 0.05 for left ventricular end-systolic diameter). Major postoperative infection or sepsis occurrence was higher in the surgical group (16.3 vs. 3.8%; P = 0.01), while no differences were observed in terms of acute renal failure, cardiogenic shock, cerebrovascular accident and acute myocardial infarction. Length-of-stay was 11 days (IQR: 7-19 days) for surgery and 5 days (IQR: 4-9 days) for MitraClip (P < 0.0001). In-hospital mortality was 6.6% for surgery (6/91) and 0% for Mitraclip (P = 0.01). Surgery was identified as a predictor of in-hospital death (OR: 2.61; P = 0.01). Residual MR ≥ 3+ at discharge was 0% for surgery and 9.6% for Mitraclip (P = 0.002). At follow-up, actuarial survival at 1 year was 88.9 ± 3.5% for surgery and 87.5 ± 7% for Mitraclip (P = 0.6). Actuarial freedom from MR ≥ 3+ at 1 year was 79.1 ± 8% for MitraClip and 94 ± 2% for surgery (P = 0.01). At last follow-up, most of the survivors were in NYHA class I-II.
Conclusions:
Mitraclip therapy is a safe therapeutic option in selected high-risk patients with FMR, and it is associated with a lower hospital mortality and shorter length-of-stay compared with surgery, in spite of worse preoperative conditions. Early and 1-year rates of recurrent MR are higher with Mitraclip. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term clinical impact.