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Suicide in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1951 through 1985.

D E McAlpine1, L A Panser, D W Swanson

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzed 274 suicides in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1951-1985. Findings reveal higher rates in men, increasing incidence after middle age for men, and common methods like gunshot wounds and poisoning.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Suicide is a significant public health concern with varying demographic and method-specific patterns.
  • Understanding long-term trends in suicide incidence is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the incidence, demographic characteristics, and methods of completed suicides in Olmsted County, Minnesota, over a 35-year period (1951-1985).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of completed suicide data among Olmsted County residents from 1951 to 1985.
  • Calculation of age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates.
  • Comparison of rates across urban and rural areas, and examination of demographic factors (sex, marital status, employment).

Main Results:

  • A total of 274 completed suicides were recorded, with an overall age- and sex-adjusted incidence of 12.5 per 100,000 person-years.
  • Men accounted for a disproportionately higher number of suicides (3.6:1 ratio), with incidence rates increasing after middle age.
  • Common methods included gunshot wounds for men and poisoning for women; suicides frequently occurred at home, and nearly half of victims were unmarried.

Conclusions:

  • Suicide incidence in Olmsted County during this period was comparable to national averages.
  • Distinct patterns were observed regarding sex, age, and methods, highlighting potential areas for focused suicide prevention efforts.
  • Further research is needed to understand the implications of marital status and employment on suicide risk due to data limitations.