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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters01:11

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System I: Kidneys and Ureters

The upper urinary system comprises two kidneys and two ureters, which are crucial in filtering blood and forming urine.KidneysLocation and Structure:The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs positioned behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine.Kidneys are between the 12th thoracic (T12) and the 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebrae.The position of the liver causes the right kidney to sit slightly lower than the left.Protective Layers:Each kidney is enveloped in a tough, fibrous membrane called the...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:22

Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

The kidneys maintain homeostasis through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Tubular reabsorption and secretion are crucial in forming urine and regulating electrolytes, water balance, and waste elimination.Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion ProcessesTubular reabsorption is the process that reclaims essential substances such as electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and water from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream. This is achieved through passive and active transport...
Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
Filtration and Urine Formation01:32

Filtration and Urine Formation

The function of the kidneys is to filter, reabsorb, secrete, and excrete. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 180 liters of blood, initially removing water and solutes but ultimately returning nearly all filtrates into circulation with the help of osmoregulatory hormones. This process removes wastes and toxins but is also crucial to maintain water and electrolyte levels. Most of these functions are performed by the tiny but numerous nephrons contained within the kidneys.
Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration01:29

Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for regulating blood filtration, waste excretion, and fluid balance, all of which are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Renal physiology examines renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and urine formation, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.Renal Blood FlowThe kidneys receive about 20-25% of the cardiac output, typically around 1200 mL of blood per minute in an average adult. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal...
Introduction to Urinary System01:13

Introduction to Urinary System

The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the retroperitoneal space, on either side of the vertebral column, between the T12 and L3 vertebrae. They are partially protected by the rib cage and surrounded by perirenal fat, which provides cushioning. They are responsible for urine formation and play critical roles in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and hormone production. The ureters...

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Telocytes in the urinary system.

Yonghua Zheng1, Tongyu Zhu, Miao Lin

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital, No.180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.

Journal of Translational Medicine
|September 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telocytes, a novel interstitial cell type, were identified in rat kidneys, ureters, and bladders. These cells interact with surrounding tissues and may play a role in urinary system repair and regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Urology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Telocytes are a recently discovered type of interstitial cell found in various mammalian organs.
  • Their presence and function in the urinary system have not been extensively studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ultrastructure, distribution, and cellular interactions of telocytes within the rat urinary system.
  • To confirm the existence of telocytes in the kidney, ureter, and urinary bladder.

Main Methods:

  • Electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of urinary system tissues.
  • Primary cell cultures of telocytes were established to observe dynamic changes.

Main Results:

  • Telocytes were localized in the kidney's sub-capsular space and the ureter/urinary bladder's lamina propria and between smooth muscle bundles.
  • Telocytes demonstrated interactions with macrophages, smooth muscle cells, nerve endings, and blood capillaries.
  • Primary cell culture revealed the complete morphology of telocytes, including their characteristic telopodes.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides evidence for the presence of telocytes in the mammalian urinary system.
  • Telocytes may contribute to tissue repair and regeneration processes within the urinary tract.