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Related Concept Videos

Gestalt Psychology01:14

Gestalt Psychology

Gestalt psychology, founded by Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler, emphasizes the importance of understanding perception as an organized whole. Developed as a counter to Wilhelm Wundt's structuralism, this approach posits that our perceptions are more than just the sum of sensory parts; they are comprehensive wholes where the relationships between parts define the perception. The principle "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" encapsulates this view, illustrating how...
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Social Loafing

Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated, individuals become less...
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Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
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Ulric Neisser (1928-2012).

James E Cutting1

  • 1Cornell University.

The American Psychologist
|September 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Ulric Neisser pioneered cognitive psychology, shifting the field

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Ulric Neisser, a pivotal figure in psychology, profoundly influenced the field with his seminal work.
  • His 1967 book, "Cognitive Psychology," established the discipline, guiding a generation of researchers.
  • He later critically examined cognitive science in "Cognition and Reality" (1976).

Discussion:

  • Neisser's work challenged established paradigms, particularly in attention, memory, and intelligence.
  • He fostered a dynamic intellectual environment through edited volumes and influential articles.
  • His approach synthesized a belief in empirical truth with rigorous skepticism.

Key Insights:

  • Neisser's legacy lies in establishing and subsequently challenging the field of cognitive psychology.
  • His research integrated theoretical advancements with empirical investigation.

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  • He encouraged a critical and evolving understanding of cognitive processes.

    • Outlook:

    • Neisser's contributions continue to shape contemporary research in cognitive science.
    • His emphasis on skepticism and empirical truth remains relevant for future psychological inquiry.
    • His intellectual dynamism serves as a model for scientific exploration.