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Related Experiment Video

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Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

Malaria and human red blood cells.

Narla Mohandas¹, Xiuli An

¹Red Cell Physiology Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. MNarla@NYBloodcenter.org

Medical Microbiology and Immunology

|September 12, 2012

Summary

Malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum invasion alters red blood cells, increasing disease severity. Red blood cell disorders like hemoglobinopathies offer protection against severe malaria outcomes.

Area of Science:

Hematology
Infectious Diseases
Cell Biology

Background:

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum invades red blood cells, causing significant host cell alterations.
These changes include loss of cell shape, increased membrane rigidity, altered permeability, and enhanced adhesion, contributing to severe malaria manifestations like cerebral malaria and anemia.
Parasite-secreted proteins interacting with red cell membrane proteins mediate these detrimental host cell modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mechanisms by which Plasmodium falciparum infection alters host red blood cells.
To understand how red blood cell disorders influence malaria virulence and disease outcomes.

Main Methods:

The study reviews existing evidence on red blood cell changes induced by Plasmodium falciparum.

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It examines the impact of genetic red blood cell disorders on malaria severity.

Main Results:

Plasmodium falciparum infection leads to red cell shape loss, rigidity, permeability changes, and adhesion.
These alterations facilitate parasite survival and increase disease virulence, causing anemia through increased red cell destruction and ineffective erythropoiesis.
Red cell disorders such as hemoglobinopathies and hereditary ovalocytosis are associated with decreased malaria virulence.

Conclusions:

Parasite-induced red blood cell modifications are key to malaria pathogenesis and virulence.
Red blood cell abnormalities confer protection against severe malaria by potentially reducing parasite invasion, impairing parasite development, or altering host-parasite protein interactions.