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Updated: May 18, 2026

Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
Published on: June 6, 2017
Protein kinase C regulates late cell cycle-dependent gene expression.
Zoulfia Darieva1, Namshik Han, Stacey Warwood
1University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
The protein kinase Pkc1p inhibits the Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex, controlling cell cycle gene expression. Disrupting Pkc1p activity causes cell cycle defects by altering gene timing.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Eukaryotic cell cycle progression relies on coordinated transcription factor activity.
- The Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex regulates CLB2 gene expression during the G(2)/M phase transition.
- Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and polo kinases positively regulate this complex.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of protein kinase Pkc1p in regulating the Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex.
- To elucidate how Pkc1p influences the temporal expression of cell cycle genes.
Main Methods:
- Investigated Pkc1p's effect on Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex activity.
- Analyzed Pkc1p-mediated phosphorylation of the Ndd1p coactivator.
- Utilized Pkc1p-insensitive Ndd1p mutants to assess cell cycle progression.
Main Results:
- Pkc1p inhibits the Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex and its target gene expression.
- Pkc1p phosphorylates the Ndd1p coactivator.
- Reduced Pkc1p activity or Pkc1p-insensitive Ndd1p mutants led to altered CLB2 gene expression timing and late cell cycle defects.
Conclusions:
- Pkc1p acts as a negative regulator of the Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex.
- Pkc1p plays a critical role in ensuring the precise temporal expression of cell cycle genes.
- This regulation by Pkc1p is essential for preventing cell cycle progression defects.
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