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Non-surgical periodontal therapy reduces coronary heart disease risk markers: a randomized controlled trial

Syed A H Bokhari1, Ayyaz A Khan, Arshad K Butt

  • 1University Medical & Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. pdphr@yahoo.com

Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|September 13, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Periodontal therapy significantly reduced systemic inflammation markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. This intervention improved key indicators, suggesting a link between oral health and cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Periodontology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Periodontal disease is linked to elevated systemic inflammatory markers, increasing coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.
  • Systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of non-surgical periodontal therapy on systemic inflammatory markers in patients with CHD.
  • To assess changes in C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and white blood cells following periodontal treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 317 patients with angiographically proven CHD and periodontitis.
  • Participants were randomized into an intervention group (non-surgical periodontal therapy) or a control group.
  • Primary outcome was reduction in serum CRP; secondary outcomes included fibrinogen and white blood cell counts.

Main Results:

  • Non-surgical periodontal therapy led to significant improvements in both periodontal and systemic parameters.
  • In the intervention group, the proportion of subjects with CRP > 3mg/L decreased by 38%, while it increased by 4% in the control group.
  • Intent-to-treat analysis revealed a significant absolute risk reduction of 12.5% (p = 0.036).

Conclusions:

  • Non-surgical mechanical periodontal therapy effectively reduces systemic levels of CRP, fibrinogen, and white blood cells in CHD patients with periodontitis.
  • These findings highlight the potential of periodontal treatment as an adjunct therapy for managing cardiovascular risk.
  • The study demonstrates a significant link between periodontal health and systemic inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease.
Abstract

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