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Sudden unexpected death related to enterovirus myocarditis: histopathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular

Imed Gaaloul1, Samira Riabi, Rafik Harrath

  • 1Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases LR99-ES27, Faculty of Pharmacy, Avenue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia. chbeli_imed@yahoo.fr

BMC Infectious Diseases
|September 13, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Viral myocarditis, often caused by coxsackie B enterovirus, is a significant factor in sudden unexpected deaths. This study found a higher prevalence of viral myocarditis in victims compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Virology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Viral myocarditis is a leading cause of sudden unexpected death in young individuals.
  • Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) has been historically linked to myocarditis.
  • Current diagnostic methods for myocarditis lack sensitivity, necessitating advanced approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of viral myocarditis in sudden unexpected death cases.
  • To identify the role of enteroviruses, specifically coxsackie B enterovirus, in myocarditis pathogenesis.
  • To compare findings in sudden unexpected death victims with control subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Post-mortem analysis of sudden unexpected death victims and controls.
  • Immunohistochemical detection of enteroviral capsid protein VP1.
  • Molecular pathology for enteroviral genome detection using RT-PCR.
  • Analysis of myocardial inflammatory reactions, including T and B lymphocytes.

Main Results:

  • Enterovirus was detected in 12.5% of sudden unexpected death cases, with none in controls.
  • Enteroviral capsid protein VP1 was identified in enterovirus-positive cases.
  • Sudden unexpected death victims showed a significant presence of T and B lymphocytes compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Viral myocarditis is more prevalent in sudden unexpected death cases than in controls.
  • Coxsackie B enterovirus likely plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of myocarditis.
  • Advanced diagnostic techniques enhance the understanding of myocarditis etiology.
Abstract

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