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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can have a...
Circuit Breaker and Fuse Selection01:23

Circuit Breaker and Fuse Selection

A circuit breaker is a device engineered to interrupt fault currents and sometimes reclose automatically. When a fault current is detected, the breaker separates the electrical contacts, which generates an arc. This arc is extinguished by methods such as elongation, cooling, or splitting, depending on the breaker's design. Breakers are categorized based on the voltage they operate at and the medium used for arc extinction, such as air, oil, SF6 gas, or vacuum.
In high-voltage systems, circuit...
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
Circuit Terminology01:14

Circuit Terminology

An electrical network is a system composed of interconnected elements, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and voltage or current sources. Unlike a circuit, an electrical network does not necessarily form a closed path. In other words, while all circuits can be considered networks due to their interconnected nature, not every network qualifies as a circuit.
A circuit, on the other hand, is also an interconnected system of electrical elements but must contain one or more closed paths.

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Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

A core circuit module for cost/benefit decision.

Keiko Hirayama1, Marianne Catanho, Jeffrey W Brown

  • 1The Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana, IL, USA.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|September 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A simple decision-making circuit in sea slugs may form the basis for complex vertebrate decision-making. This neuroeconomic model offers insights into cost-benefit analysis and brain function.

Keywords:
Pleurobranchaeaapproach/avoidancecentral pattern generatordecision makingneuroeconomicsneuronal switchsimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Decision-making processes in animals are complex.
  • Understanding the fundamental neural circuits underlying choice behavior is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a simple neural circuit model for cost-benefit decision-making.
  • To explore the potential evolutionary basis of decision-making circuits.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation from behavioral and neural studies of the sea slug Pleurobranchaea.
  • Construction of a connectionist model incorporating specific neuronal pathway types.

Main Results:

  • A simple circuit for cost-benefit decision-making was identified.
  • The model includes central pattern generators, bipolar switch mechanisms, and neuromodulatory state regulation.

Conclusions:

  • This simple circuit may resemble the foundation for vertebrate valuation and decision processes.
  • Further exploration of complex neuroeconomic behavior is possible by extending the model.